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The main difference between the "Belgian" and "Modena" accordion bass systems is the position of the keys and the bass tuning system. The "Belgian" and "Modena" (or "Italian") systems are two of the main accordion bass configurations.
"Belgian" (or "d'echelle") bass accordion:
Key system:
The bass keys are arranged on a system called "d'echelle" or "Belgian", where the keys are arranged in parallel rows and do not have a systematic layout as in the Modena system.
Tuning:
Basses play chords, usually in tonal position, with chords based on whole and half steps.
Usage:
Common in folk and traditional music, and in some areas where traditional melodies are played.
Advantages:
Accordions with this system allow you to play songs with greater melodic variety and more complex chords, as well as allowing greater freedom in creating melodies.
Disadvantages:
The difficulty in reading musical cards with this system for those who are not used to it and, often, a greater complexity in the transition between chords.
"Modena" (or "Italian") bass accordion:
Key system:
The bass keys are arranged in a chord system that refers to the piano key system, with a basic number of keys (typically 12, 24, or 36).
Tuning:
Basses play tonal chords, with a basis of tones and semitones.
Usage:
Mainly used in folk music, with a strong tradition in Italian folk music, as well as being the basis for melodic music.
Advantages:
The organization of the keys makes it easier to read sheet music and switch between chords.
Disadvantages:
The chord system may be less versatile and less suitable for modern music and with greater complexity.
In summary:
"Belgian" bass system: Creates a greater variety of chords and is ideal for popular music.
"Modena" bass system: It is easier to learn and read, and offers greater ease in playing traditional melodies.
Choosing between one bass system or another depends on personal preference and the type of music you plan to play.
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